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REFLECTIVE ESSAY   

My experience preparing the presentation was quite learning oriented due to the fact that I have exposure of working in diverse international environment and thus I can efficiently narrate my experiences and learning based on the facts without being hypothetical. Organizations today are keen to adopt stringent work practices and policies due to the fact that cultural diversity in its initiation stage is known to create stiff resistance, conflicts and misunderstandings between the involved groups and thus requires stringent and consistent monitoring, control and direction by organizational leadership to insure a peaceful co-existent environment is built essential for mutual advantage. 

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Organizations that operate globally face consistent challenges throughout the course of their operations in foreign lands and thus role of HRM plays a key determining part in establishing organizational equilibrium and workforce stability. Anecdotal evidence suggests that mutual benefit plays a key role in preventing conflicts that arise from cultural differences and effective HRM policies foster the work environment by controlling employee behavior and attitudes essential for deriving optimal HR and business advantage. I have learnt a significant lesson working in international environments that immensely helped me in successfully establishing myself in foreign land. Despite of being liberal and broadminded individual and a follower of secular philosophy I have encountered racism and discrimination which is very unfortunate in today’s era of globalization. I think globalization is not just limited to products and services rather it is a broad concept encompassing people, culture, environment, processes, policies, norms, perspectives, ideas, thinking, etc. Therefore, any discrimination that occurs due to whatsoever reason is a threat to globalization and requires stringent actions to contain the menace.

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As a plethora of academic literature exists on the virtual platform advocating the importance and inevitability of organizational HRM effective practices and appropriate policies it therefore is understandable that people existing as citizens or employees are required to be more tolerant and adaptable surviving amid such a globalized environment. Insulation in an era of globalization is a threat to development and advancement at every stage and field of human activity. Therefore, from the perspectives of mutual benefit and welfare of one and all it is important that organizational citizens show adaptable and flexible behavior acting in the best interest of their employer and society. This can be achieved by enforcing stringent policies, code of conduct, ethical and moral practices at workplace and insuring security of stakeholders against any form of injustice, discrimination and unethical behavior.

Based on my practical experience, ethics and code of conduct play a key role in ensuring organizational discipline and safety at workplace. During the presentation through the resource I have used I learn that effective HRM practices can efficiently overcome the malpractices and indiscipline that exist in the organization. The presentation consists of every aspect of my knowledge that I gathered through my work experience. Working amid a culturally diversified workplace has always been a challenge for me due to the fact that varied barriers at every level exists that needs to be overcome overtime. I have learnt that tolerance and diligence play a crucial role in effectively addressing every problem that one encounters due to socio-cultural differences in a foreign land. The presentation is a very informative and educative work for anyone that aspires to learn about key aspects and challenges of a culturally diversified workplace.    

Researching through the literature I found that I have encountered similar experience at workplace that has made the presentation more insightful and worth learning. I would even want to make a You Tube video and share my valuable experience for the good of millions of videos globally that wish to know the glitches working in international firms and be safe. This is very essential as unpreparedness to the culturally diversified workplace often renders people helpless especially in the event of an unprecedented conflicts arising from grounds of any of the demographic factors, namely, race, color or creed. Once equipped with required knowledge prospective employees are always prepared about what to do in the event of any conflict or misunderstandings with superior. Thus, prior knowledge is always helpful in preventing undesirable events that arise in multicultural workplaces. The presentation enlightens the reader on the knowhow of organizational behavior.   

 

 

Disney's Business Challenges in Asia:Market Expansion, Culture, and Competition

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Cultural Challenges for Disney in Asia

            Asia is known to be a conservative society, non-liberal, less advanced, and a tradition driven part of the world with varied belief systems, philosophies, and cultural values that strongly binds people to their cultural heritage. Regardless of the region, every Asian country has its peculiar culturally driven social environment that makes difficult for people to adapt western thinking, life style, and philosophy of life. Studies conducted so far on the socio-cultural differences between the west and the east clearly dictates that contrary to the western society that is driven by rich philosophies of life, liberty, inclination towards modernity, adventure, amusement, and an interest in realization of best things of life; Asian societies are bonded to their traditional roots that resists change and adaptation to new thugs of life. This probably creates a stiff challenge for western businesses when operating in Asian countries. Disney, a pioneer in entertainment and recreation does face similar challenges to their expansion plan which requires appropriate measures to overcome the issues and convert challenges into opportunities.

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            Secondly, Asian societies are known for their middle income class and families that are used to lower wages, longer work hours, and minimal inclination for amusement and recreation activities. As most of the Asian countries are populated with middle income groups’ people have an obvious tendency to save their hard earned money for their kith and kin’s education and health which poses a challenge for western firms, Disney in particular as recreational activities have never attracted the attention of people or is perceived as a need for children or the youth.

Disney’s Hong Kong Experience

                Disney had to face several challenges operating its business in Hong Kong. Despite of several cultural adaptations that were adequate to convince people of the region at large, Disney encountered severe resistance and objections from people due to ignorance in adherence to environmental concerns, limited capacity of the theme parks, and lack of appropriate amenities for visitors. Disney, considering cultural interests and tastes served Shark fin soup, a favorite Chinese delicacy, however, that proved a disaster as it violated environmental norms and was thus prohibited. This angered the Chinese as Shark fin soup is their favorite delicacy thus a conflict between norms and culture caused severe disruptions in business. Additionally, limited capacity of the park restricted entry of high volume of crowd causing unnecessary delays, inconvenience resulting in disappointment. According to Chinese visitors, most of the theme park had 20 years older rides with no innovation and excitement for the younger generation that greatly disappointed visitors (Rein, 2008).As a result, Disney faced losses in reputation, capital and market share operating in Hong Kong. However, post seven consecutive years of losses, Disney for the first time recorded profits in 2012 by 13 percent which was achieved through government agreement for expansion of the parks in the region. The business has realized consistent profit since then 

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Cultural Variables and Location Selection

            Various cultural components that primarily include language, food, income, education, life style, music, games, belief system, values, ethnicity, and religion play a dominant role in determinant whether a location is appropriate for business in question or not. Therefore, for a recreation and amusement business like Disney, study of socio-cultural environment of the targeted region is inevitable and imperative. From this perspective, prior setting up a business Disney will need to ensure it understands the needs, interests and preferences of the people of the preferred business location which would be the key determinant of its success and growth (Whipp et al, 1989). For example, in a country like India that regards cattle as sacred, setting up a theme park and serving beef would prove disastrous and attract severe criticism and objection from socio-cultural groups and even the political parties which could even put the business in jeopardy. This, cultural variables significantly determine the way a business would perform and profit in a given region.   

Impact of Culture on Disney’s Location Selection

            Being a western enterprise Walt Disney realized that operating singlehandedly is inadequate due to lack of understanding of targeted region’s socio-cultural components that eventually determines the success and growth of its business. Thus, making prompt and precision decisions, Walt Disney opened its new wing as Tokyo Disneyland that proved immensely beneficial for the company’s success in Japan. Operating as Tokyo Disney Resort under the name of Oriental Land (OL) Company, Disney swiftly bridged the gap of socio-cultural differences between the two countries and cultures since the key decision makers in the OL’s management were Japanese who were well aware of their people’s interests, preferences, and dislikes that eventually manifested in terms of increased profitability for the business (Lou, 2010). Outsourcing of the business in the hands of Japanese proved immensely advantageous for Walt Disney as the local management was not only in a position to select the right location for the theme parks but also aptly understand and satisfy visitor needs and preferences in terms of food, services, games, and varied other components of entertainment. Thus, a fine blend of American and Japanese attractions incorporated into the theme parks consequently insured increased traffic, productivity and profitability for the company (Zhu and Xu, 2010).    

            Thus, it can be inferred that rather than invading the Japanese environment in the name of recreation and entertainment, Disney acting maturely and responsibly decided to outsource its business to Oriental Land (OL) that fully owned the business and operated it efficiently understanding Japanese socio-cultural needs and requirements. The success of the Tokyo theme park is mainly attributed to the management style, leadership style, localized business philosophies, and understanding and addressing the priorities, preferences and interests of local population. A key point to be borne in mind is that rather than adopting a monopolistic approach and dominating Tokyo’s industry, Walt Disney generated opportunities for the Japanese company and created jobs which proved to be a wise decision for consistent business growth and success .

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Disney’s Potential to Succeed in Shanghai

                As per the reports, Disney’s proposal to Chinese government for establishing theme parks and entertainment network in Shanghai seems to yield anticipated success due to the fact that the company has learnt a rich lesson from its Hong Kong experience. The proposal for joint venturing with the Chinese government with 43 percent stakes of Disney and 57 percent with the Chinese government seems to be promising as the jointly owned business is bound to develop, function and perform under the stringent norms of Chinese with no room for unnecessary American influence into the Chinese socio-cultural environment. This simply implies that that the jointly owned enterprise would not only adhere to the Chinese socio-cultural environment but will ensure that the needs, interests and preferences of people are aptly addressed which is a sure sign of success and growth in the communist nation (Zhang, 2009).

            Reflection of varied Chinese socio-cultural components into the theme parks and shopping malls by way of food, language, games, and other entertainment activities would certainly boost visitor traffic by attracting millions of domestic and international guests and ensure consistent profitability for the business. Additionally, substantial reduction in labor costs, service costs and resource costs could be realized by the joint venture which is a boon for the company. The partnership between Disney and Chinese government will probe to be highly rewarding due to the fact that higher Chinese stake in the business will insure strong control and management of business compelling the business to adapt practices and strategies according to Chinese culture and social norms. Thus, the probability of failure is minimal.     

Conclusion

            Based on the discussion and analysis of Disney business expansion plans in Asia it can be concluded that the business has tremendous scope and opportunities in the continent due to the increasing craze and interest of younger generation in entertainment and recreation activities. Additionally, rise of globalization and consistent exposure to western socio-cultural environment through business has proved a boon for western businesses consequently generating tremendous business opportunities across industries in Asia. Adaptability to socio-cultural environment remains a key determining factor of success and growth for Disney. This report strongly emphasizes and recommends on joint venture model of business which are bound to prove consistently advantageous for the company due to its ability to aptly understand the local socio-culture and attract domestic crowd.

 

Mahatma Gandhi: Life, Legacy, and Philosophy of Nonviolence

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Mahatma Gandhi is deemed an epitome of an ideal leadership because of the peculiar qualities he possessed as an individual as well as a national leader. His invaluable contribution in Indian independence highlighted and empowered his individuality that played an indispensable role during the fight for national freedom. As an individual, Mahatma Gandhi was very simple man with highest moral conduct and possessed invaluable virtues of empathy, forgiveness, honesty, and humanity that further shined his individuality as a supreme being. One of the most appreciated and recognized characteristic of his personality was selfless service to nation and fellow men that attracted millions of men and women from all regions. Despite of being a highly influential yet simple individual, Mahatma Gandhi always believed that all men and women are equal and discrimination on grounds of race, gender, or creed was never justified. Mahatma Gandhi had the power to influence anyone regardless of their origin or status through his divine and pure personality and simplicity. Mahatma Gandhi strongly believed that only non-violence has the ability to beat violence that not just attracted millions of people within the nation but also amazed the foreigners. One of the most striking features of Mahatma’s individuality was lack of political interest and selfish desires despite of being a highly influential, popular, and educated.

 

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Mahatma Gandhi’s unique personality highlighted his individuality as an ideal leader who was capable to withstand strongest resistances through his peculiar attributes of persistence, sympathy, and non-violence. These qualities provided immense moral and psychological support to his followers to unite and fight for freedom with an integrated approach. As a national leader, Mahatma Gandhi was perceived as a hero by millions of supporters nationwide. People from all parts of India devoted their lives for independence under the leadership of this unique individual. Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy and ideas on critical aspects of life impressed even the most educated and intellectuals compelling them to adopt his way of approach to fight for freedom. Through his elevated conscience Mahatma Gandhi left an everlasting mark on people and places he came in contact with. His philosophy was neither complex not complicated but gave a meaningful message of peaceful co-existence that eventually transformed millions of lives for better.

 

Mahatma Gandhi’s speeches always attracted numerous people from various parts of the country and inspired a sense of responsibility towards the nation and community, and also instilled tremendous amount of persistence and courage to fight for the right and stand strong against injustice in any form. One of the best examples of Mahatma’s effective integrated approach was Satyagraha that united millions of Indians immensely motivating them to fight for independence. During the British regime, Mahatma’s non-violent movements gained immense popularity and support of mass population and proved highly effective in resolving complex social issues through peaceful negotiation and dialogues between people and the British government. Mahatma Gandhi’s active participation in social affairs and prompt approach to critical and complex communal and governmental issues played a key role in suppressing unnecessary tensions and civil atrocities ensuring a balance between civilian life and governmental affairs regardless of the brutality of British regime that demonstrated Mahatma Gandhi’s effectiveness as a people’s leader. Since maintaining an equilibrium between the governmental atrocities and public dissatisfaction was never an easy task then, however, Mahatma Gandhi through his magnetic and influential personality was always able to convince both the opponents that peaceful negotiations through mutually agreeable dialogues was the key to ensure appropriate solution for any social problem.

 

Mahatma Gandhi followed a democratic form of leadership that is based on participative approach. In this style of leadership, leaders influence people, interact with them to exchange and share thoughts and ideas, and finally make decisions for the common good (Johnson, 2016). In democratic style of leadership, only leaders are authorized to make decisions that are based on people’s opinions, ideas, and facts. It is important to know that Mahatma Gandhi, despite of his outstanding character and individuality that mesmerized countless often had to face severe criticism from several freedom fighters because of the clashes between their approaches and his approach, however, the effectiveness and influence of Gandhi’s approach always ensured success than others probably because of the fact that might is not always right. Mahatma Gandhi’s strongly believed that violence, aggression, and anger are the source of all problems and can never be applied to derive a fruitful solution to any critical issue. Mahatma Gandhi’s unique characteristics of personality made him a public favorite of all times and can be deemed as one of the most influential and successful leaders of all time.

Mahatma Gandhi’s principles are extremely effective in resolving any critical and complex issues that people face in their day to day lives. His principles and ideologies are practically applicable in every organizational context where leaders are considered the key decision makers. Since Mahatma Gandhi followed democratic style of leadership, organizational leaders too can implement democratic form of leadership to realize anticipated results. It must be well understood that individual endeavors can never meet collective goals without the equal contribution of team members and therefore democratic form of leadership can be extremely useful in situations where group efforts are required to accomplish a common objective. The invaluable virtues of simplicity, nobility, honesty, loyalty, integrity, forgiveness, and nonviolence are imperative for any individual, organization, and country that aspire to move forward on the path of success and attain peace and prosperity.

 

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Mahatma Gandhi demonstrated that leadership can be effectively practiced by applying non-violence, persistence, and simplicity. Mahatma Gandhi’s accomplishments and invaluable contribution in Indian independence is a fine example of how strongest of the leaders can exist and command without the use of arms and armors.

 

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SOCIAL MENACES

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Increasing competiton industry wide and academia wide shrinks opportunities for people with little or no capabilities compelling to opt for alternative methods for ensuring success. India, a developing country of the world faces various social absurdities and atrocities in varied forms which is a serious issue of concern and debate. Among the social menaces facing the country rising cases of witchcraft and blackmagic deserves signiifcant attention due to the fact that these silent atrocities have contributed to numerous fatalities, serious health risks and varied issues concerning the health and wellbeing of the affected. 

Working as an research professional with domestic and international clients I can state with certainty based on my observational and experiential research that this silent menace have taken toll of numerous lives and destroyed many careers of people who have been silently endured and suffered the menace. I have personally known many people who have endured and suffered various problems in different aspects of lives despite of being well educated, qualified and hailing from cultured families. 

I have thoroughly researched on the subject of this social menace and have even watched several documentaries on renowned channels like Discovery Channel. Post careful understanding of the phenomenon and based on the inferences of my own observations and experiences there is every reason to call witchcraft and blackmagic a social menace and a silent atrocity. Lack of adequate literacy, increasing competition, shrinking opportunities, lack of faith in humanity and negligence towards civic responsibility have significantly contributed to this social threat in a country like India. 

It is the responsibility of all concerned organizational authorities to eradicate this social menace as numerous lives of innocent are lost due to lack of inadequate laws to contain menace. Various programmes, serials, and documentaries based on true stories of real people are a clear evidence of depleted quality of Indian society. Notorious places in Karnataka and Maharashtra state of India ill-famous for witchcraft and blackmagic atrocities include Gulbarga, Raichur, Bidar, Bijapur, Osmanabad, Bellary, and many others to name. After having seen so many real cases of individuals affected by the menace and personally experiencing the phenomenon I can conclude with certainty that witchcraft and blackmagic is a factual phenonenon and that defies any scientific explanation due to the fact that the very foundation of blackmagic and witchcraft is based on anti-science/ anti-spiritual laws of nature. 

As a rational thinker and as a research professional I can state that this country faces stiff challanges and social barriers in its path towards advancement. Indians must lay signiifcant empahsis on building a developed, advanced and prosperous nation rather than depending on other advanced countries for its survival. The issue is particularly serious as I have personally observed and experienecd people affected by this social menace in diverse regions. I have read, watched and known people personally who have suffered the menace and have conveyed their experiences of the menace. 

As a researcher I can state with certainty that there are many disciplines and subjects that deny rational explanations and witchcraft and blackmagic lie at the core of these mystical subjects. It is important to understand that the objectives of anti-science is exactly contrary to the aims of science. The former is mainly used for destruction while the latter is meant for constructive purposes. Thus, rather than laying emphasis on scientific explanations which is logically inappropriate as the nature of discipline in itself is anti-science/ anti-spiritual it is important to focus on subjective experiences of people affected and how those subjective experiences affect their objectivity. This is mainly because of the fact that anti-science tends to affect negatively and can only be associated with bad adjectives such as depression, anxiety, confusion, indecisiveness, lack of general interest, insomnia, lack of focus which objectively impact on an individual's life affecetd by witchcraft in the form of poor work performances, relationship conflicts, poor academic outcomes, work irregularities, demotion, termination etc. 

Therefore, there is every reason to refer witchcraft and blackmagic as social menace and practitioners of this evil science certainly deserve severe punishments. The practitioners of these evil sciences are no better than anti-social elements or terrorists in a civilized society. Indians must know that world's most beautiful nations, advanced nations, prosperous nations, and powerful countries have accomplished their status through consistent endeavors, intelligentia, research and development across diverse fields, industrial reforms, good governance, societal discipline, effective laws and order across the nation and a sincere faith in restoring humanity and good religion. 

Reference-  Witchcraft/ Blackmagic

Measure of a Nation's Power

Countries of the world are consistently evolving, growing and advancing in today's competitive era of globalization. Globalization obliges nations to stay updated and upgraded in every discipline and area of life and failure to do so will only result in nation's depletion overtime. Nations that are consistently advancing realize demographic welfare and growth overtime that fuels their economic growth and ensures regional and global dominance. 

 

Demographic a key metric of power and welfare determines a country's capabilities in regional and global spheres. Key elements of demography that determines a country's capability includes income, employment rates, interest rates, inflation, GDP, education, nationality, exchange rates, asset ownership and socio-economic status are the key factors influencing a country's status within a rgeion and world. A country that has regional and global power in true sense has each of the demographic factors flourishing consistently. Any depletion over a prolonged period of time will only result in systemic repercussions across the system generating a collective cumulative undesirable impact on the country's demographic veriables. 

 

In order to evolve as a regional and global power and exercise dominance it is inevitable and essential that a nation consistently boosts the performance and productivity of each of the demographic factor that eventually transforms the country into a regional superpower. A country that is demographically developed has adequate resources to fund research and development activities, develop military capabilities, invest space technologies, and strongly defend its territory or wage a war against any external threat.